Chinese edition
USCIS看的是实际工作，不是名片
“董事长、CEO、总经理”只是职位名称，审查看的是实际工作：每天做什么、向谁汇报、管理谁、拥有什么裁量权。要求需要分开说：一般（已有经营的美国实体）L-1A，海外那一年的合格职务可以是经理、高管，也可以是专业知识职务，但拟任美国职位必须是经理或高管；新设办公室（new office）L-1A，海外那一年通常要求本身就是经理或高管职务；EB-1C 则是独立要求，海外一年与美国职位都必须是经理或高管，不接受专业知识职务。以下讨论的是「如何证明经理或高管职责」这一层。
人员经理需要有可识别的管理层级
如果申请人依靠管理专业人员、主管或其他管理人员来实现目标，组织图、员工职责、学历、工资和实际工作记录应彼此吻合。人数没有通用的最低线，但团队必须足以把基础运营任务从申请人的主要职责中分离出去。
职能经理不等于“一个人负责全部职能”
职能经理可能管理企业中的必要核心职能，而不直接管理大量员工。但需说明该职能在组织中为何重要、申请人如何在较高层级管理它，以及谁在执行日常工作。若申请人本人承担大部分销售、采购、客服或技术交付，职能经理论证会面临困难。
高管必须拥有方向性决策权
高管通常负责确定组织或重要组成部分的目标和政策，拥有广泛裁量，并接受更高层级有限监督。小企业也可能存在高管，但规模、发展阶段与人员配置会影响职位描述是否可信。
时间分配要和证据一致
申请材料中的职责比例，应当能被会议记录、审批权限、下属汇报、预算决策和业务流程支持。把执行性工作改写成“监督”不会改变事实。真实而具体的职责叙述，通常比堆砌管理术语更有说服力。
Note for applicants based in China
Applicants based in China usually also need to handle three things: keeping Chinese- and English-language documents consistent, making sure funds and income can be explained with independent documentation, and managing the gap between priority-date timing and a child's age. Any packaging that doesn't match the underlying facts creates greater risk at the RFE or interview stage.
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Official sources
This article is general educational content and does not constitute legal, investment or tax advice. Tax matters should be assessed for your specific situation by a licensed U.S. tax attorney or CPA.